Format des notes

Numérique sur 20

Programme détaillé

Séance 1

Introduction

1/ Introduction to optical nanostructures

            Historical overview of nanostructures (= overview of the course): Bragg mirrors, diffraction gratings, photonic crystals, effective medium, metamaterials, nanoantennas, disordered media

 

Séance 2 & 3

II Light propagation in periodic media 

1/Thin film stack: effective index 

2×2 matrix approach 

Bloch-wave approach

Bands and gaps

2/ Periodic thin-film stacks with small periods 

Static limit of 1D periodic structures

Effective index

TD: Taylor expansion for small periods

3/ The photonic bandgap 

Bandgap opening

Penetration depth

Multi-dimension Bragg mirrors

4/ Bloch modes in photonic structures with finite lengths

5/ Photonic crystal

            -waveguide (slow light)

            -cavity

 

Séance 4 

Subwavelength diffractive optics

1/ Homogeneisation of subwavelength gratings

            Grating equation

            Single mode approximation

            Evanescent Bloch modes 

2/ Form birefringence

3/ Wire grid polarizer 

Homogeneisation of metal slits (skin depth) 

Surface plasmons and Wood anomaly

4/ Antireflection coats with artificial dielectrics 

5/ Diffractive optical elements

            Echelette diffractive optical elements

TD: Wavelength-dependence of the diffraction efficiency of échelette

Blazed-binary diffractive optical elements 

 

Séance 5

Plasmonic

1/Drude model

2/Interaction of light with metals (hot electrons, phonon relaxation)

3/Surface plasmon polaritons of flat interface and MIM

4/Metal nanoparticles

5/Launching SPP with isolated slits and slit arrays

6/Field scattered by a single tiny slit on the metal surface

7/Anomaly de Wood

 

Séance 6 

Optomechanics

1/Light momenta and mechanical principles : linear and angular (spin and orbital)

2/Optomechanics : momentum balance under light-matter interaction

3/Applications : optical trapping and manipulation of microscale entities

4/Structured light-matter interaction for advanced optical manipulation

 

Séance 7 

Metamaterials

1/ Historical perspective 

2/ Veselago’s flat lens 

3/ Negative index materials at microwave frequencies 

4/ Effective parameters 

5/ Negative index materials at optical frequencies 

6/ The perfect lens 

 

7/ Super-resolution with metamaterials 

 

Séance 8

1/ TD: grating equation and zeroth-order gratings (1H)

            Grating equation in conical mounts

2/ TD: Anomalous refraction in photonic crystals (group velocity, iso-frequency curves, ...)

 

Séance 9 

Resonance mode of cavity

Mode lifetime

Poynting theorem (wcomplex and Q definition)

TD: Fabry-Perot model of a resonance mode

-vg of the bouncing mode

-penetration depth

 

Séance 10 

Green tensor formalism in electromagnetism

 

Séance 11 

Diffusion by small particles

1/General concepts 

Scattering, absorption, extinction cross-sections

Optical theorem 

2/Examples of cross-sections for spherical particles

3/Subwavelength particles

Dipolar approximation, electrical polarisability

Cross sections 

 

Séance 12

Light transport in disordered media

1/ Introduction to radiative transfer

            Why can we neglect wave interference upon average: intuitive picture with speckles

            Derivation of the RTE

            Typical length scales (absorption, scattering, transport mean free path)

            Example of applications (atmospheric transport, spectroscopy of tissues)

2/ Beyond the RTE:

 

            Localization

Mots clés

Nanostructures optiques, modes de Bloch, milieu périodiques, réseaux de petits pas, homogénéisation, onde de surface, plasmon de surface, métasurfaces et métamatériaux, optomécanique, tenseur de Green en électromagnétisme, diffusion par les nanoparticules, transport de la lumière dans les milieux désordonnés